Chemical+Energy

Chemical Energy



Learning Resources

Visualize Chemical Bonds Interactive Temperature Scales

**Slide Shows:** Why do chemical changes occur? Atomic Structure and Valence Electrons media type="custom" key="21890220" width="80" height="80"

What happens during combustion? Hydrocarbons and chemical reactions. media type="custom" key="21907212" width="80" height="80"

**Video Clips:** Types of Chemical Bonds

media type="file" key="Ionic and covalent bonding animation.mp4" align="center" width="300" height="300"

5 Types of Chemical Reactions - Including Combustion

media type="file" key="Five Major Chemical Reactions.mp4" align="center" width="300" height="300"

Assignments - What Really Sparked the Hindenburg?
 * Reading Assignments: **


 * Classwork: **

- Identifying chemical and physical changes. BCEG - Balancing Game PhET
 * Inquiry Activities: **

Q6 - Quiz 6 - Valence Electrons and Chemical Changes Q7 - Quiz 7 - Hydrocarbons and combustion BA8 - Benchmark 8 - Oil Refinery
 * Quiz and Benchmark Assessments: **

Standards When elements are listed in order by the masses of their atoms, the same sequence of properties appears over and over again in the list. 4D/H6 There are groups of elements that have similar properties, including highly reactive metals, less-reactive metals, highly reactive nonmetals (such as chlorine, fluorine, and oxygen), and some almost completely nonreactive gases (such as helium and neon). 4D/M6a The configuration of atoms in a molecule determines the molecule's properties. Shapes are particularly important in how large molecules interact with others. 4D/H8 All matter is made up of atoms, which are far too small to see directly through a microscope. 4D/M1a A substance has characteristic properties such as density, a boiling point, and solubility, all of which are independent of the amount of the substance and can be used to identify it. 4D/M10 (NSES) Atoms are made of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The nucleus is a tiny fraction of the volume of an atom but makes up almost all of its mass. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons which have roughly the same mass but differ in that protons are positively charged while neutrons have no electric charge. 4D/H1* The atoms of any element are like other atoms of the same element, but are different from the atoms of other elements. 4D/M1b The number of protons in the nucleus determines what an atom's electron configuration can be and so defines the element. An atom's electron configuration, particularly the outermost electrons, determines how the atom can interact with other atoms. Atoms form bonds to other atoms by transferring or sharing electrons. 4D/H2*
 * Structure and Properties of Matter**

Atoms often join with one another in various combinations in distinct molecules or in repeating three-dimensional crystal patterns. 4D/H7a Chemical elements are those substances that do not break down during normal laboratory reactions involving such treatments as heating, exposure to electric current, or reaction with acids. All substances from living and nonliving things can be broken down to a set of about 100 elements, but since most elements tend to combine with others, few elements are found in their pure form. 4D/M5* Some atoms and molecules are highly effective in encouraging the interaction of others. 4D/H9b Chemical energy is associated with the configuration of atoms in molecules that make up a substance. Some changes of configuration require a net input of energy whereas others cause a net release. 4E/H4* Substances react chemically in characteristic ways with other substances to form new substances with different characteristic properties. 4D/M11 (NSES)
 * Chemical Changes**

Carbon and hydrogen are common elements of living matter. 4D/M6c*
 * Hydrocarbons and Fossil Fuels**

No matter how substances within a closed system interact with one another, or how they combine or break apart, the total mass of the system remains the same. 4D/M7a* The idea of atoms explains the conservation of matter: If the number of atoms stays the same no matter how the same atoms are rearranged, then their total mass stays the same. 4D/M7b If samples of both the original substances and the final substances involved in a chemical reaction are broken down, they are found to be made up of the same set of elements. 4D/M12 The idea of atoms explains chemical reactions: When substances interact to form new substances, the atoms that make up the molecules of the original substances combine in new ways. 4D/M13
 * Conservation of Matter**